SV paper free essay sample

It would be ideal if you give genuine idea to this key piece of the application, as you have just 2,500 characters most extreme (Including spaces) to show your enthusiasm and your composing abilities. Pick one of the accompanying subjects: ; Describe the effect you have had in taking part in network exercises. Portray your best experience filling in as a pioneer or working in a gathering or group Thesis: Introduction: You cannot accepting and on Aisle 4 at Walter. I should follow the people.Am I not their pioneer? - ?Benjamin Disraeli Body 1 : Body 2: Body 3: Conclusion: Make sure to make reference to all the extracurricular that you do (sports, music, chipping in, and so forth) as that is as Important than your real evaluations. In any case, possibly notice them If theyre truly something that you do and care about and that has helped shape what your identity is. All things considered however, I truly accept that if youre in better than average scholastic standing and are earnestly keen on Shad that will appear in your application. We will compose a custom article test on SV paper or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Put accentuation on your scholastic record and extracurricular, and so forth. give a genuine picture of yourself on paper call attention to what makes you extraordinary and intriguing, while as yet featuring the standard Shad-compare characteristics ESSAY characters greatest (counting spaces) to exhibit your enthusiasm and your ; Describe the Impact you have had In taking an interest In people group exercises. And so on) as that is as significant than your real evaluations. Be that as it may, possibly notice them if theyre Shad-like capabilities Please give genuine idea to this key piece of the application, as you have just 2,500 characters most extreme (counting spaces) to show your enthusiasm and your composing aptitudes.

Boston Massacre Essays (935 words) - Boston Massacre, Thomas Preston

Boston Massacre John Hancock expressed ?Let this dismal story of death never be told without a tear; let not the hurling chest stop to ignite with a masculine anger at the uncouth story . . .? during his discourse of the slaughter on 5 March 1774. The ?Boston Massacre? as it was called, was truly not a slaughter as in many individuals were butchered, it was a slaughter as in British government's power was not to be endured. During the following eighteen months, strains between the Colonists and the British would increment. On a cool morning in February 1770, eleven-year old Christopher Seider was one of a few hundred grown-ups and adolescents encompassing the place of ebenezer Richardson. Richardson was a known Tory source for the British traditions chiefs. Crowd exhibits fighting the Townshend Acts were normal, some unconstrained and some sorted out. At Richardson's home the group was getting raucous and begun breaking windows and one stone tossed hit Richardson's better half. Richardson got an emptied black powder gun and pushed it through one of the messed up windows. Seeing the black powder rifle just appeared to stoke the shoot and the group thumped down the front entryway. Richardson stacked and terminated into the horde lethally injuring Seider who kicked the bucket that night. Four days after Sieder's memorial service, a British officer named Thomas Walker of the 29th Regiment asked about an occupation at John Gray's Ropewalk. It was basic for a British trooper to moonlight while off the clock to enhance their livelihoods. Ropemaker William Green told Walker ?to go clean the latrine?. Because of the affront, a fistfight broke out among Walker and Green . Walker was beaten gravely and whenever he got the opportunity ran and enrolled a portion of his British looks into the battle. The conflict was reestablished and the officers were bested once more. The main advantaged to either side picked up from the quarrel was a couple of a throbbing painfulness. On Monday 5 March 1770, Private Hugh White of the 29th Regiment was careful obligation at the guard box on King Street close to the Custom House. Being that the King's charges and gold were made sure about at the Custom House made this guard obligation even more high hazard to the British. Chief Goldfinch, an official of the 29th Regiment, was being insulted by a few residents for not taking care of his tabs to neighborhood shippers. Private White recuperating from the conflict the earlier night was not going to let the crooks trouble Captain Goldfinch. Because of the put-down, Private White butt-stroked a youngster by the name of Edward Garrick. More than fifty townspeople began to accumulate and move both White and Goldfinch to battle. As the group got bigger, the British warriors understood that the circumstance was going to detonate. Skipper Thomas Preston's record of the slaughter is the main authority report on the occasions of the fifth of March 1770. Skipper Preston, Officer of the Guard, heard that a group had shaped before the Custom Hose and that the gatekeepers were hollering for help. As indicated by his record of the occurrence Preston expressed ?That he promptly hurried to the Custom House and shaped his men in development to forestall any mischief to the watchmen and additionally decimation to the watchman post.? Commander and his men at that point fixed pikes and started to jab and goad the horde away from the post. He at that point attempted to walk his men back to the security of their sleeping quarters, yet the group would not permit them to do as such. Tory supporters shouted from all around the road for the fighters to discharge their weapons. Preston attempted to scatter the group while whistles, for example, ? Fire and be accursed? were shouted at the British officers. Meanwhile, Captain Preston was requesting his officers ?Don't fire, Don't fire? The wire was lit when a stick flew from the group and hit Private Montgomery in the face. Montgomery chafed leveled his black powder gun and shot into the group. Everything hushed up for a second, and afterward the group flooded forward into the segment of troopers. It isn't sure about to what extent the terminating proceeded. Observer's have said somewhere in the range of 15 seconds to

Differences Between Panic Disorder and GAD

Differences Between Panic Disorder and GAD Panic Disorder Related Conditions Print Differences Between Panic Disorder and GAD Though similar, these disorders are distinct By Sheryl Ankrom linkedin Sheryl Ankrom is a clinical professional counselor and nationally certified clinical mental health counselor specializing in anxiety disorders. Learn about our editorial policy Sheryl Ankrom Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on September 27, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 11, 2019 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children PeopleImages / Getty Images While panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) share some common symptoms, such as excessive worrying, they are two separate and distinct mental health conditions. Gaining knowledge about these two common mental health conditions may be the first step to helping yourself or a loved one. Characteristics of Panic Disorder Panic disorder is characterized by recurring, unexpected panic attacks that occur without the presence of actual danger. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, (DSM-5) defines a panic attack as a sudden onset of intense fear during which time at least four of the following physical and psychological symptoms are present:?? Heart palpitations, pounding heart, or accelerated heart rateExcessive sweatingTrembling or shakingSensations of shortness of breath or smotheringFeelings of chokingChest pain or discomfortNausea or abdominal distressFeeling dizzy, unsteady, light-headed, or faintChills or hot flashesNumbness and tingling sensations (paresthesias)Feelings of unreality (derealization) or being detached from oneself (depersonalization)Fear of losing control or going crazyFear of dying   DSM-5 Criteria for Diagnosing Panic Disorder The symptoms of a panic attack usually happen suddenly, peak within 10 minutes, and then subside. However, some attacks may last longer or may occur in succession, making it difficult to determine when one attack ends and another begins. Panic disorder often causes excessive  worry  about having another panic attack, creating a vicious cycle. Its not unusual for a person with panic disorder to become so consumed with worry and fear that they develop behavioral changes, such as  agoraphobia, to avoid environments or situations where they fear a panic attack may arise. Panic Disorder Recurring panic attacks Fear of going insane or losing control Feelings of unreality (derealization) or being detached from oneself (depersonalization) Excessive worry about future attack Chest pain, trembling, and shaking Accelerated heart rate, shortness of breath GAD Excessive worry over everyday life events Worrisome thoughts that interfere with daily functioning Sleep troubles, fatigue, muscle tension Irritability Feelings of mind going blank, or impaired concentration Digestive issues Characteristics of GAD The main feature of  GAD  is excessive and pervasive worry about many everyday life events. This worry is difficult to control, and the worrisome thoughts can become unmanageable. In order to be diagnosed with GAD, worry and anxiety must persist for more than six months and interfere with daily functioning. For a person with GAD, their worry and anxiety may take over, making it difficult for them to complete job tasks, maintain healthy relationships, and take care of themselves.   With GAD, a person may have physical symptoms, but they differ from those with panic disorder. Common examples of these physical symptoms include: Sleep problems (difficulty falling or staying asleep)FatigueMuscle tensionIrritabilityRestlessnessDigestive issues like diarrhea or stomach discomfortChronic headaches The focus of worry in GAD generally surrounds usual life circumstancesâ€"finances, job issues, children, healthâ€"unlike in panic disorder, when worry occurs spontaneously and/or focuses on when the next panic attack will occur. Generalized Anxiety Disorder Diagnosed Using the DSM-5 Coexistence of Conditions It is possible to have both panic disorder and GAD. Its also not uncommon for panic disorder and GAD to co-occur with mood disorders like major depressive disorder, other anxiety disorders like  social  phobia, or substance abuse disorder. Further complicating the picture is that medical conditions such as an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism), heart disease, lung disease, or neurological diseases like stroke may mimic the symptoms of a panic disorder or GAD. This is why its important to seek out care from a healthcare professional to ensure proper evaluation and diagnosis, and to begin a course of treatment. A Word From Verywell The symptoms of panic disorder and GAD can be disabling, affecting both quality of life and a persons everyday functioning. But the good news is that with professional treatment, the vast majority of people with panic disorder or GAD can obtain significant relief from their symptoms. The earlier the diagnosis made and treatment begins, the better. If you have symptoms of panic disorder, GAD, or both, talk to your doctor or another healthcare provider. Sometimes getting started and reaching out is the hardest step, but youll be happy that you did.   The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs

Biography of Samuel Morse, Inventor of the Telegraph

Samuel Finley Breese Morse (April 27, 1791–April 2, 1872) is famous as the inventor of the telegraph and Morse Code, but what he really wanted to do was paint. He was a well-established artist when his youthful interest in electronics resurfaced, leading to the communications invention that changed humanity until it was overshadowed by the telephone, radio, television, and, finally, the internet. Fast Facts: Samuel F.B. Morse Known For: Inventor of the telegraphBorn: April 27, 1791 in Charlestown, MassachusettsParents: Jedidiah Morse, Elizabeth Ann Finley BreeseDied: April 2, 1872 in New York, New YorkEducation: Yale College (now Yale University)Spouse(s): Lucretia Pickering Walker, Sarah Elizabeth GriswoldChildren: Susan, Charles, James, Samuel, Cornelia, William, EdwardNotable Quote: What hath God wrought? Early Life and Education Samuel F.B. Morse was born on April 27, 1791, in Charlestown, Massachusetts, the first child of noted geographer and Congregational minister Jedidiah Morse and Elizabeth Ann Finley Breese. His parents were committed to his schooling and the Calvinist faith. His early education at Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, was undistinguished, except for his interest in art. He next enrolled in Yale College (now Yale University) at age 14, where he focused on art but found a new interest in the little-studied subject of electricity. He earned money by painting small portraits of friends, classmates, and teachers before graduating in 1810 with Phi Beta Kappa honors. He returned to Charlestown after college. Despite his wishes to be a painter and encouragement from famed American painter Washington Allston, Morses parents wanted him to be a booksellers apprentice. He became a clerk for Daniel Mallory, his fathers Boston book publisher. Trip to England A year later, Morses parents relented and let him sail to England with Allston. He attended the Royal Academy of Arts in London and received instruction from Pennsylvania-born painter Benjamin West. Morse became friends with poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge, several accomplished painters, and American actor John Howard Payne. He adopted a â€Å"romantic† painting style featuring heroic characters and epic events.  In 1812, his plaster statuette The Dying Hercules won a gold medal at the Adelphi Society of Arts exhibition in London, and his painting of the same subject received critical acclaim at the Royal Academy. Family Morse returned to the U.S. in 1815 and opened an art studio in Boston. The next year, seeking portrait commissions to earn a living, he traveled to New Hampshire and met Lucretia Pickering Walker, 16, in Concord. They soon became engaged. Morse painted some of his most notable work at this time, including portraits of military leader  Marquis de Lafayette  and President  George Washington.   On Sept. 29, 1818, Lucretia Walker and Morse were married in Concord. Morse spent the winter in Charleston, South Carolina, and received many portrait commissions there. The couple spent the rest of the year painting in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. A year later, Morses first child was born. While living with his family in New Haven, Connecticut, in 1821, Morse painted more distinguished individuals, including cotton gin inventor Eli Whitney and dictionary compiler Noah Webster. Morses second child was born in 1823 and his third child arrived two years later, but tragedy followed. One month after the birth of his third child, Lucretia Morse died suddenly at age 25 and was buried in New Haven before he could return. Interest in Electricity Resurfaces In 1827, Columbia College Professor James Freeman Dana presented a series of lectures on electricity and electromagnetism at the New York Athenaeum, where Morse also lectured. Through their friendship, Morse became more familiar with the properties of his earlier interest. In November 1829, leaving his children in the care of relatives, Morse left for a three-year tour of Europe, where he visited friends Lafayette and novelist James Fenimore Cooper, studied art collections, and painted. While raising his family, painting, lecturing on art, and viewing works by the old masters, Morses fascination with electronics and inventions never disappeared. In 1817, he and his brother Sidney patented a human-powered water pump for fire engines that worked but was a commercial failure. Five years later, Morse invented a marble-cutting machine that could carve three-dimensional sculptures, but it couldnt be patented because it infringed on an earlier design. Meanwhile, advances in electronics had been moving the world closer to a device that could send messages over vast distances. In 1825, British physicist and inventor William Sturgeon invented the electromagnet, which would be a key component of the telegraph. Six years later, American scientist Joseph Henry developed a more powerful electromagnet and demonstrated how it could send electric signals over long distances, suggesting the possibility of a device such as the telegraph. In 1832, on his voyage home from Europe, Morse conceived the idea of an electromagnetic telegraph during conversations with another passenger, a doctor who described to Morse European experiments with electromagnetism. Inspired, Morse wrote in his sketchbook ideas for a prototype of an electromagnetic recording telegraph and a dot-and-dash code system that would bear his name. Later that year, Morse was appointed professor of painting and sculpture at the University of the City of New York (now New York University), but he continued to work on the telegraph. Developing the Telegraph In the fall of 1835, Morse built a recording telegraph with a moving paper ribbon and demonstrated it to friends and acquaintances. The next year he demonstrated his prototype to a professor of science at the university. Over the next several years, Morse demonstrated his invention to friends, professors, a House of Representatives committee, President Martin Van Buren, and his cabinet. He took on several partners who helped with the science and financing, but his work also began to attract competitors. On Sept. 28, 1837, Morse began the patent process for the telegraph. By November he was able to send a message through 10 miles of wire arranged on reels in a university lecture room. The next month, after completing the paintings he was working on, Morse set aside his art to devote his full attention to the telegraph. At this point, other men—including the doctor on Morses 1832 return voyage from Europe and several European inventors—were claiming credit for the telegraph. The claims were resolved and in 1840 Morse was granted a U.S. patent for his device. Lines were strung between many cities, and on May 24, 1844, Morse sent his famous message—What hath God wrought?—from the Supreme Court chamber in Washington, D.C., to the B O Railroad Depot in Baltimore, Maryland. By 1849, an estimated 12,000 miles of telegraph lines were being run by 20 American companies in the United States. In 1854, the Supreme Court upheld Morses patent claims, meaning that all U.S. companies using his system had to pay him royalties. On Oct. 24, 1861, Western Union completed the first transcontinental telegraph line to California. After several breaks, a permanent undersea Atlantic Cable was finally laid in 1866. New Family Back in 1847 Morse, already a wealthy man, had bought Locust Grove, an estate overlooking the Hudson River near Poughkeepsie, New York. The next year he married Sarah Elizabeth Griswold, a second cousin 26 years his junior. The couple had four children together. In the 1850s, he built an Italian villa-style mansion on the Locust Grove property and spent his summers there with his large family of children and grandchildren, returning each winter to his brownstone in New York. Death On April 2, 1872, Samuel Morse died in New York. He was buried in Greenwood Cemetery in Brooklyn. Legacy Morses invention changed the world, as it was used by the military during engagements, newspaper reporters filing stories from the field, far-flung businesses, and others. After his death, his fame as the inventor of the telegraph was obscured by other communication devices—the telephone, radio,  television, and the  internet—while his reputation as an artist grew. At one time he didnt want to be remembered as a portrait painter, but his powerful, sensitive portraits have been exhibited throughout the United States. His 1837 telegraph instrument is in the  Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of American History in Washington,  D.C. His Locust Grove estate is a national historic landmark. Sources Samuel F.B. Morse: American Artist and Inventor. Encyclopedia Britannica.Samuel F.B. Morse: Inventor. Biography.com.

`` Postmodernism Or The Cultural Logic Of Late Capitalism...

Fredric Jameson is admired as a standout amongst the most imperative and persuasive artistic and social pundit and theoretician in the Marxist convention of the English speaking world. In his work â€Å"Postmodernism or the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism† Jameson endeavors to portray the way of social creation in the second half of the twentieth century, the period of late capitalism, and to recognize it from different manifestations of social generation of going before capitalist periods. A generous part of Jameson’s â€Å"Postmodernism or the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism† is committed to differential investigation of masterpieces and building design from what Jameson terms â€Å"high innovation† and postmodern works. He describes the postmodern mode of generation as a â€Å"social prevailing† in the wake of ideas like â€Å"depthlessness† or the concealment of depth, the fading of influence and pastiche, terms which as per Jameson i dentify with the postmodern type of production and experience. The idea of postmodernism quickly raises the issue of periodization, involved by the prefix â€Å"post-† doled out to the time of modernism. What was the starting point of modernism and when did it end? Is it safe to say that it is conceivable to define clear boundaries between modernism and postmodernism? Jameson accepts that it is conceivable to discuss social modes with in a characterized course of events. In any case, he limits his periodization of postmodernism to the unbinding idea of socialShow MoreRelatedRelationship between Postmodernism and Post colonialism1048 Words   |  5 PagesPostmodernism has been described as a new version of Western cultural imperialism. Discuss the relationship between postmodernism and postcolonialism. Postmodern theory been applauded as liberating, even democratising, in its rejection of absolutism and in its refusal to accept the dictates of hierarchy and certainty. It calls for the abandonment of the modernist qualities of objective truth, centralized knowledge, totalising explanations and determinacy . Rather, postmodern theory advocatesRead More Fredric Jameson, Postmodernism and Consumer Society Essay1831 Words   |  8 Pages 1934) is one of the foremost English-language Marxist literary and cultural critics writing today. Over the past three decades, he has published a wide range of works analyzing literary and cultural texts, while developing his own neo-Marxist theoretical perspectives. His books include Marxism and Form (1971), The Prison-House of Language (1972), The Political Consciousness (1981), Postmodernism or the Logic of Late Capitalism (1991), The Geopolitical Aesthetic: Cinema and Space in the World SystemRead MoreA Postmodernist/Posthumanist Reading of Kazuo Ishiguro’s, Never Let Me Go Using Fredric Jameson’s Theory of Postmodernism and Late Capitalism.4659 Words   |  19 PagesPostmodernist/Posthumanist reading of Kazuo Ishiguro’s, Never Let Me Go using Fredric Jameson’s theory of Postmodernism and Late Capitalism. Posthumanism neologism is used to describe what comes after humanism and the question of what it means to be human. It is often and most frequently used to describe a dystopian life form that is created and crafted by humans themselves. Posthumanism is not to be confused with postmodernism, although their paths do cross intrinsically throughout this essay. The concept of posthumanismRead MoreHistorical Developments And Social Changes Essay1295 Words   |  6 Pagesdebates considering the fact that this very term invokes the complex relationship between the state and market economy. Considering the gradual dissolution of the welfare state in the postmodern era, the problematic relationship between welfare and capitalism remains central to theoretical frameworks grappling to come to terms with the postmodern turn. Out of the three theoretical frameworks in question, liberalism was and is still is particularly invested in the idea of the welfare state.Indeed, itRead MoreEssay on Postmodern condition780 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ 1. What is meant by the ‘postmodern condition’?    Postmodernism can be called â€Å"a condition of contemporary culture†, it is a modern movement which is strong, ambiguous, very popular and controversial. However, it is very difficult to explain the term because there is no full clarity what the term really means. As one can read in The Condition of Postmodernity it is â€Å"a mine-field of conflicting notions† and â€Å"a battleground of conflicting opinions and political forces†. There are so many interpretationsRead MoreContemporary Art And Artistic Practices1465 Words   |  6 Pageshistory. In this sense, the turning point of l art pour l art is an affirmation of art as an end in itself, and does not as a means to serve other purposes (scientific, moral, political or economic), because it should only responds its internal logic, relatively free from normative interference. It is therefore an idea linked directly to modernity and especially to the modern definition of art, which constitutes itself as â₠¬Å"a world apart, subject to its own laws,† a sphere removed from the regulatoryRead MoreModernism And Postmodernism1207 Words   |  5 PagesDictionary, Millard, 1763). It is the radical movement away from the past in search of new styles of expression. It refers to a reforming movement away from the traditional forms in various fields like architecture, art, music, and literature during the late 19th century and the early 20th century. The poet Ezra Pound perfectly expresses the soul of modernism in his famous phrase â€Å"Make it new!† (Pound, Ezra, Make it New, Essays, London, 1935). Modernism later gave way to post-modernist movements as a reactionRead MorePostmodern Graphic Designer: Paula Scher1528 Words   |  7 PagesAs stated by Jonathan M. Woodham, postmodernism came to be seen as a term which usefully embraced those characteristics - such as eclecticism, ornamentation, kitsch, wit, and irony - which most typified the diversity of contemporary culture in a pluralist society. During the modernist era, designers hoped to reveal the fundamentals of art. Woodhams Twentieth Century Design puts forward that the modernists saw themselves as the creators of a machine age aesthetic truly redolent of the twentiethRead MoreModernism And Modernism : Postmodernism And Postmodernism1632 Words   |  7 PagesModernism is what most people describe as what came before postmodernism. For this essay I will first be looking at what the meaning of modernism and postmodernism is and I will also be looking at the different factors of both modernism and postmodernism and why modernism has declined and has been rejected. I will also be researching on how modernism and postmodernism started and why it started and for this I will be looking at different characteristic of both modernism and post modernism and compareRead MoreA Critical Analysis of Homi K. Bhabhas How Newness Enters The World: Postmodern space, postcolonial times and the trials of cultural tran slation1610 Words   |  7 PagesRachit Anand Professor Subarno Chattarji Department of English, University of Delhi 13-10-2013 A Critical Analysis of Homi K. Bhabhas How Newness Enters The World: Postmodern space, postcolonial times and the trials of cultural translation The Indian theorist Homi K. Bhabha shifted the limelight from the binary1 of the colonizer and the colonized to the liminal spaces in-between in the domain of Postcolonial studies. In Difference, Discrimination, and the Discourse of Colonialism, he stated,

Tokyo essy Free Essays

I will be talking about the city of Tokyo. Tokyo is well known and is very interesting with many great attractions and a huge economy. Tokyo is the capital of Japan and is the most densely populated cities of the country. We will write a custom essay sample on Tokyo essy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Since ancient times, the city has been one of the most densely populated cities of the country. Tokyo is the largest metropolitan area in the world. The Tokyo metropolis was formed in 1943. Tokyo was originally a fishing village named Edo. Tokyo isn’t Just a city, it is a megacity. Tokyo is great now but Just 400 years ago this global powerhouse was little ore than a backwater castle town on the shores of the muddy Sumida River. Over the past century it has been twice virtually annihilated. It almost first collapsed during the 1923 Great Kanto earthquake and subsequent firestorm, and again in 1945 after the devastation of the Allied bombings. Each time it has risen like a phoenix from the ashes, reborn in an ever-more-modern reflection of itself. Tokyo know shines and is a great city to be a part of. The political economy of Tokyo is very immense and the city revolves around the people, environment and Jobs. Though it occupies only 0. 6% of the total area of Japan, the population density is nearly 5,655 persons per square kilometers, thereby making is one of the most populated cities of the world. As on October 1st, 2003 the population of the city stood at 12. 369 million. Tokyo has the largest metropolitan economy in the world. Tokyo has a total GDP of IJS$I . 479 trillion in. As of 2009, 51 of the companies listed on the Global 500 are based in Tokyo, almost twice that of the second-placed city (Paris). Tokyo is a major international finance center. It houses the headquarters of several of the world’s largest investment banks and insurance ompanies, and serves as a hub for Japan’s transportation, publishing, and broadcasting industries. During the centralized growth of Japan’s economy following World War II, many large firms moved their headquarters from cities such as Osaka, to Tokyo, in an attempt to take advantage of better access to the government. This trend has begun to slow due to ongoing population growth in Tokyo and the high cost of living there. It is the most expensive city in the world to live in for 14 years in a row until 2006. Another aspect that helped build Tokyo to what it is is The Tokyo Stock Exchange. It is Japan’s largest stock exchange, and third largest in the world by market capitalization and fourth largest by share turnover. Tourism in Tokyo is also a huge contributor to the economy. In 2006, 4. 81 million foreigners and 420 million Japanese visits to Tokyo were made; the economic value of these visits totaled 9. 4 trillion yen according to the government of Tokyo. Many tourists visit the various downtowns, stores, and entertainment districts throughout the neighborhoods. Besides banking and stock aspect, Tokyo had 8,460 ha (20,900 acres) of agricultural land as of 2003. The farmland is concentrated in Western Tokyo. Perishables such as vegetables, fruits, and flowers can be conveniently shipped to the markets in the eastern part ot the pretecture. Komatsuna and spinach are the most important vegetables; as of 2000, Tokyo supplied 32. 5% of the komatsuna sold at its central produce market. With 36% of its area covered by forest, Tokyo has extensive growths of cryptomeria and Japanese cypress, especially in the mountainous western communities of Akiruno, –me, Okutama, Hachi ¶Ji, Hinode, and Hinohara. Tokyo Bay was once a major source of fish. Presently, most of Tokyo’s fish production comes from the outer islands, such as Izu –shima and HachiJ ¶Jima. Skipjack tuna, nori, and ali are among the ocean products. (Wikipedia) Tokyo was built because of the people and because of the Jobs and opportunities. Throughout the years, Tokyo has expanded the companies and businesses and became one the most expensive cities in all aspects in the world. The culture and urban ecology of Tokyo is widespread and a big part of the community. Over the years, people from the other prefectures of Japan gradually moved into this city, thereby leading to a massive growth in its population. The population of the city is divided into Juveniles, working age population and the aged population. The Juvenile age groups range from 0-14 years, the working age ranges from 15-64 years while the aged population ranges from 65 years and above. As per the figures provided in January 2003, the three age groups constitute nearly 1 1. 9%, 70. 9% and 17. 1% respectively, of the total population of the city. The aged population of the country is particularly on the rise over here. Tokyds population is also higher due to the huge number of people who commute everyday to this city from the nearby prefectures for studying or for working. Because of this reason, the daytime population of Tokyo is higher than the nighttime population. Tokyo is home to a number of foreign nationals. As on January 2005, the number of foreign residents found in the country stood at 353,826. The five major nationalities of the foreign residents staying in this country consist of British, Chinese, American, Korea and Philippine. The natives to Tokyo are called Tokyoites. Tokyo is also a great landscape and has great scenery. Tokyo is one of few places in the world where a flower can bring an entire city to a state of near-sexual excitement. Cherry blossoms last for less than two weeks and are symbolic, of the impermanence of life, the sadness underlying its exquisite beauty. Cherry blossoms fall in their prime, as samurai warriors were meant to do. High-end kurabu bar hostesses compose themselves into human ikebana flower arrangements with the same eye for art and beauty as the geisha who once frequented the pleasure districts of old Edo, famous throughout Japan. Look out over Tokyo and you will see a 21st-century megalopolis, a city of glassy skyscrapers ringed by an elevated super toll road, like a modern Great Wall of China. But Tokyo is far more than that. It’s a place where the past is inextricably woven into the present; where pockets of ancient traditions don’t Just survive, they hrive in the midst of an ultramodern consumer culture. Architecture in Tokyo has largely been shaped by Tokyo’s history. The socio- psychological aspect of Tokyo is very interesting. Twice in recent history, the metropolis has been left in ruins: first in the 1923 Great Kant ¶ earthquake and later after extensive firebombing in World War II. Because of this, Tokyo’s urban landscape consists mainly ot modern and contemporary architecture, and older buildings are scarce. Tokyo features many internationally famous forms of modern architecture including Tokyo International Forum, Asahi Beer Hall, Mode Gakuen Cocoon Tower, NTT Docomo Yoyogi Building and Rainbow Bridge. Tokyo also features two distinctive towers: Tokyo Tower and the new Tokyo Skytree which is the tallest tower in Japan and the second tallest structure in the world. Tokyo also contains numerous parks and gardens. There are four national parks in Tokyo Prefecture, including the Fuji- Hakone-lzu National Park, which includes all of the Izu Islands. All the parks and fields are sights to see and enjoyed by many people and still making people enjoy that they live there. The fut How to cite Tokyo essy, Papers

Evaluation Plan For The National Health Insurance Program In Ghana

Question: Discuss about the Evaluation Plan For The National Health Insurance Program In Ghana. Answer: Introduction: The evaluation plan is the assessment of the work based on value and impact when the managers ask questions, take feedback, consult their partners. Then the managers collect the information for the improvement of the program. Such type of assessments clearly defines the evaluation term that what, why and how it is necessary for every program. Any action that is taken to improve the public health can be the part of the evaluation plan, for example, a public health of providing healthy breakfast to the grade school students to improve their nutrition, a training program to reduce the unemployment in urban areas. This report will develop an evaluation plan for the national health insurance program in Ghana. This NHIS scheme provides the maximum medical facilities to the Ghanas citizen by paying a small instalment of the annual premium. The NHIS covers the outpatient cost, hospitalization cost, laboratory test cost and the cost of the certain medicines also (Nsiah-Boateng, 2014). The pur pose of the NHIS program is to provide health care services to every citizen of Ghana that no one dies because of a medical problem that has not been allied due to financial problem. Evaluation plan There is a number of ways to evaluate the health care program but in this CDC framework of evaluating the program is used. The CDC framework guides to effectively evaluate the public health program and use of the evaluation finding for the decision making and programs improvement (Nsiah-Boateng, 2014). There are number of steps for evaluation of a public health program Step 1: Stakeholders engagement Step 2: Description of the program Step 3: focus on the design of evaluation Step 4: gathering the credible evidence Step 5: conclusion justification Step 6: assurance of using and sharing lessons learned from evaluation According to the CDC framework, there are four standards for the evaluation: utility, feasibility, accuracy, and propriety. Utility means serving information to the intended users Feasibility means be diplomatic, realistic, prudent and frugal Propriety means to behave ethically, legally and in the welfare of those who are affected and involved Accuracy means evaluation should be based on realistic and comprehensive data. Stakeholders engagement Purpose identification of the evaluation is of equal importance as identifying the end users of the program. These evaluation aspects serve as the foundation for the evaluation focus, planning, design, interpretation and results usage (Nsiah-Boateng, 2014). If the results of the evaluation will determine that either the program will continue or stopped, the stakeholders should aware of this. Table: 1 Stakeholders engagement Stakeholder Evaluation focus Purpose Person who are involved or affected planning, design, interpretation and results usage Improvement and decision making Program description The description of the program clears the purpose of the evaluation, development stages, activities, improvements and implementation process. The programs shared understanding that what the evaluation plan can deliver and cannot deliver is important for the implementation of the activities successfully. The program managers and the stakeholders should agree on the stages of the evaluation development, logical model, and the evaluation purpose (Alatinga Williams, 2015). Table: 2 Program descriptions Development stage Program Planning Implementation Maintenance Logic model Assessment of the environment, resources needed for the policy implementation Policy passed but not implemented What impact on the policy of health care unit Evaluation focus There should be potentially no limit on the information gathered regarding the program. Mostly, the evaluation criteria are restricted to the questions that are asked realistically and answered qualitatively. The depth and scope of the evaluation program depend on the priorities of the stakeholders and program managers; available resources that are the availability of contractor and staff and time period devoted to the evaluation (Brugiavini Pace, 2016). Gathering the credible evidence After focusing the evaluation and identification of the questions, now it is essential to find out the appropriate methods for the evaluation of the questions that have been selected. Sometimes the evaluation method is the favorite method of evaluator and evaluation planning tries fit into them. This will provide incomplete and incorrect information (Brugiavini Pace, 2016). Thus, for the effective evaluation method, there should be a focus on the purpose, logic model, development stages and what the evaluation can deliver and cannot deliver. Table: 3 Evaluation plan Questions of evaluation Performance indicators and measures Procedures Data source Responsibility Which is the lead for the implementation policy Description of the stages of development, activities and strategies Documentation, case studies, interviews and reviews Print reports and sites visits Evaluation team Conclusion justification For the justification of conclusion, in this step, there will be a proper analysis of the data and their interpretation. After the analysis and the interpretation, the evaluator draws the conclusion. The evaluator will make planning for the analysis and interpretation. This analysis planning helps the evaluator to know what the evaluation data really reveal about the program. After this, there will be a justification for the conclusion. Table: 4 Conclusion Evaluation findings Tools Evidence Responsibility Conclusion drawn Analysis and interogation Review and feedbacks, critical Evaluation team Assurance of using and sharing lessons learned from evaluation After drawing the conclusion that is the evaluation outcomes, should be used for the improvement of the program and decision making. These evaluation outcomes should be used properly for effective improvement and decision making. Table: 5 Evaluation findings Evaluation outcomes Target audience Equipment Dissemination Stakeholders News release, websites, print report and mass communication Utilization Policy Makers Monthly meeting and documentation Evaluation plan for public health program In the West Africa, Ghana is the developing country having a population about 25 million. Economically, it is a poor country but enriched with the proud history. The medical system of the Ghana mainly centred in the two cities Accra and Kumasi. Ghana required the medical facilities in the small town where most of the citizen lives. Twenty five years back, the rural hospitals were visited by the European physicians but this program did not succeed for the longer time. Now the health care system of the Ghana includes the government hospitals and the clinics, CHAG (Christian health association of the Ghana) clinics and hospitals and private hospitals. The government pays salaries to the doctors, nurses and other medical staffs of government and CHAG hospitals and for the other expenses, the CHAG hospitals and clinics depend on the patients charges. For the development, expansion and special projects, they depend on the non-governmental organizations and the foreign countries. The health ministry of the Ghana has introduced the NHIS program that is national health insurance system. NHIS pays for the hospitalization, laboratory tests, and outdoor patient visit and for some medication also. NHIS pays monthly bills to the hospitals for the NHIS provider patients. NHIS does not cover the thoracic, HIV medication, infertility conditions, neuro-plastic surgeries, transplant surgery and medication and among cancers, they only pay for the breast and cervical cancer. The insurance also does not cover the physician visit and long ongoing medication of the patient. In Ghana, a weekly dose of Amoxicillin cost about one dollar but for the hospitalized patient, ceftriaxone cost about six dollars a day because of the antibiotic resistance. In Ghana, GDP (Gross domestic product)/person is about 1602 dollars per year as compared to the 51,700 dollars in the US. Most of the families that do not have the insurance, they decided to quit the medicine in between because of the financial condition. The annual premium of NHIS program is 10 dollars, most of the poor sickest families are unable to sign in the program. Thats why the full implementation this program requires many years. For the evaluation plan, in this CDC framework of evaluation will be used. This evaluation plan includes six steps of the evaluation. Step1: In the first step, there will be the identification of the stakeholders and purpose because it has the same importance as the purpose identification of the evaluation plan. Stakeholders are mostly the consumers because they are involved and affected by the evaluation outcomes (Jabot, Turgeon Carbonnel, 2011). These evaluation aspects stakeholder identification and the purpose identification plays important role in deciding the focus, planning, interpretation, designing and results usage. As this report is dealing with the national health insurance program in Ghana. First, there will be the identification of the purpose and identification of the stakeholders. The purpose of the evaluation can be lower publicity of the program in spite of providing the maximum health coverage in the lowest annual premium (Sobelson Young, 2013). After identifying the purpose, there is need of the identification of stakeholders. In NHIS, the stakeholders may be citizens of the Ghana, policy makers or the staff. From these all stakeholders, the stakeholders that are much more affected by the evaluation outcomes should be identified and involved in the evaluation plan (Schaffer, Goodhue, Stennes Lanigan, 2012). Step2: In the second step of the evaluation plan, there will be a brief description of the program. The description of the program helps to understand the purpose of the program, their development stages, activities, healths improvement capacity and implementation contexts. A better understanding of the program, what the evaluation plan can deliver and cannot deliver helps in proper implementation of the evaluation outcomes and results. Both the stakeholders and program evaluators should agree on the logic model, description stages, and the evaluation purpose (Jabot, Turgeon Carbonnel, 2011). So, for the NHIS the stakeholders and evaluators should sit together and discuss the program and then the logic model and purpose of the evaluation. After discussion, if both are agreed then the next step should be proceeding otherwise there will be a revision of the logic model and purpose. Step3: In the third step, there will be a focus on the evaluation, there will be designed of the evaluation question based on the purpose of the evaluation. For the NHIS, the evaluation question will be based on the lowest usage of the valuable insurance. Depending upon the purpose, the evaluation team will design questions. Evaluation question may include the question on the health problem, facilities and insurance good points and bad points (Jabot, Turgeon Carbonnel, 2011). Step 4: In the fourth step, there will be the choice of the best suited method for the evaluation question. The evaluation method should focus on the purpose, logic model and the evaluation criteria. The evaluation method should be properly fitted to the evaluation questions. The best method for the evaluation of NHIS, to select the hospitals in the Ghana, visits the hospitals and do questioning from the patients (Sakeah et al., 2014). Step 5: In the fifth step, on the basis of the answer given to the evaluations questions, a conclusion will be drawn. This conclusion should be evidenced by the data collected. For the conclusion justification, evaluation team will deeply analyze and interpret the collected data (Sakeah et al., 2014) Step 6: In this step, from the conclusion of the data, the evaluation team will derive the evaluation outcomes that support decision making and improvement of the program. These evaluation findings should be disseminated to the stakeholders through the news media, press, website and emails server. After dissemination, there should be the successful utilization of the findings (Sobelson Young, 2013). Factors that influence the successful dissemination and utilization of the evaluation findings Successful Dissemination For the successful dissemination, the evaluation finding should be disclosed to all stakeholders; consumers, staff, management. These evaluations finding support the decision making for the improvement of the program (Sekyi, Aglobitse Asante, 2015). These individuals are ready and receptive for the evaluation finding as evaluation is based on the interest and priorities of these people. There are numbers of ways to disseminate the evaluation findings such as news release, detailed reports, press conferences, email based service, seminars and through social media. Researchers have found that the website, workshop media and print reports are more effective way to satisfy the stakeholders and promotion of dissemination. There should be dissemination plan for the NHIS that have objectives and goals. In NHIS, mass communication should be the best media for the dissemination (Sekyi, Aglobitse Asante, 2015). During dissemination, it should be clear that that will be affected by the evalua tion finding. This information got from the stakeholder analysis. In the NHIS, the main stakeholders that are affected are the insurance enroller. There should be easy access and availability of findings for the longer time that whenever the stakeholder has the time they can easily find and read evaluation findings (Sekyi, Aglobitse Asante, 2015). Utilization Once the evaluation finding has been distributed to the stakeholders, the next goal of the evaluator should be its usage in making improvement in the program. The policy makers and the most of the population think that the quality of the evaluation supports the decision making. More and more complicated evaluated plan, more complicated concluded and whole some more complicated conclusion and finding and even more complicated the decision making. There are numbers of ways by which the evaluators can increase the acceptance of the evaluation findings. From these one way is to have evidence based evaluation report (Gajate Garrido Ahiadeke, 2012). Discussion and feedback of the stakeholders are the best way of the dissemination that can improve both quality and chances of the utilization. In NHIS, the health ministry should do discussion and take feedback from the stakeholder for the evaluation finding for the improvement of quality and chances of the utilization. Conclusion This report has concluded that the evaluation plan supports the improvement of the program and decision making. The evaluation plan focuses on the identification of purpose and identification of the stakeholder that are involved and affected by the evaluation. The stakeholder and evaluation team collectively focus on the purpose, development stages, logic models and what the evaluation can deliver or cannot deliver (Gajate Garrido Ahiadeke, 2012). After this, the evaluation team designed the evaluation questions. There is a selection of an appropriate method for the evaluation question. After using the appropriate method, the data is collected based on the answers to these questions. This data is critically analysed and interpreted by the evaluation team. Then the evaluation team searches out the evaluation findings. But the work of the evaluation team did not stop at this point (Alatinga Williams, 2015). There should be proper dissemination and utilization of these findings. The d issemination of the evaluation finding is done to the stakeholders through the mass communication, news release, print reports, websites and email servers. After the dissemination, there will be effective utilization of the findings. The effective utilization can only be done if the evaluation findings are evidence based and easily to understandable. In the last, evaluation plan include the search of the evaluation findings and their effective dissemination and utilization (Alatinga Williams, 2015). References Alatinga, K., Williams, J. (2015). Community Perceptions on the Provision of Quality Health Care in Ghana: The Case of Kassena- Nankana Mutual Health Insurance Scheme.Ghana Journal Of Development Studies,11(2), 83. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjds.v11i2.6 Brugiavini, A., Pace, N. (2016). Extending health insurance in Ghana: effects of the National Health Insurance Scheme on maternity care.Health Economics Review,6(1). https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13561-016-0083-9 Gajate Garrido, G., Ahiadeke, C. (2012). The Effect of Parents' Insurance Enrollment on Health Care Utilization: Evidence from Ghana.SSRN Electronic Journal. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2158824 Jabot, F., Turgeon, J., Carbonnel, L. (2011). The evaluation of the PACA regional public health plan: Reconciling the managerial, scientific and democratic finalities.Evaluation And Program Planning,34(3), 196-205. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2011.02.011 Nsiah-Boateng, E. (2014). Claims Reimbursement Analysis of the National Health Insurance Scheme in Ghana.Value In Health,17(7), A432. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1101 Sakeah, E., Doctor, H., McCloskey, L., Bernstein, J., Yeboah-Antwi, K., Mills, S. (2014). Using the community-based health planning and services program to promote skilled delivery in rural Ghana: socio-demographic factors that influence women utilization of skilled attendants at birth in Northern Ghana.BMC Public Health,14(1). https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-344 Schaffer, M., Goodhue, A., Stennes, K., Lanigan, C. (2012). Evaluation of a Public Health Nurse Visiting Program for Pregnant and Parenting Teens.Public Health Nursing,29(3), 218-231. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1446.2011.01005.x Sekyi, S., Aglobitse, P., Addai-Asante, J. (2015). Enrolment on Health Insurance Scheme in Ghana: Evidence from Mfantseman Municipality.Ghana Journal Of Development Studies,12(1-2), 53. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjds.v12i1-2.4 Sobelson, R., Young, A. (2013). Evaluation of a federally funded workforce development program: The Centers for Public Health Preparedness.Evaluation And Program Planning,37, 50-57. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2013.01.001